Computer Science
Scientific paper
Mar 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996lpi....27..663k&link_type=abstract
Lunar and Planetary Science, volume 27, page 663
Computer Science
Chondrules, Convection, Crystals: Growth, Fractionations, Solar Nebula
Scientific paper
Convection at a late stage in the solar nebula formed pairs of loops through the midplane. Each pair extended radially about one atmosphere scaling height and was coherent (toroidal) in its motion for a large angle in azimuth around the Sun. Sediments were concentrated in ringlets in the midplane between vertical gas flows. Buoyancy waves propagated vertically and heated the upper atmospheres of the nebula. The convection lofted a mixture of growing crystals and smoke into the hot zone. Where aggregates of smoke on the crystals melted, the opacity of the atmospheres decreased markedly because the liquid densified the aggregate. Thus forming a liquid phase provided a "thermostat" for the convection. Isolated olivine crystals carried by the convection grew by this process, as revealed by an onion-like zoning of incompatible elements in the olivine crystals. Because the surface melts on olivine contained impurity crystals, transfers of volatiles controlled some fractionations in the nebula which have seemed puzzling. Chondrules were made from precursor solids when the convection adjusted itself episodically at shock wave speeds toward Keplerian rotation.
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