Investigations of high resolution imaging through the Earth's atmosphere using speckle interferometry

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Calibrating, Earth Atmosphere, Image Resolution, Imaging Techniques, Speckle Interferometry, Synchronous Satellites, Algorithms, High Resolution, Spatial Resolution, Specular Reflection

Scientific paper

Speckle Interferometry can now be used to produce images with spatial resolution of order 100x sharper than that normally permitted by the Earth's atmosphere. During this two year program of technique development we achieved high resolution imaging capability (wavelength dependent; 60 nrad at 410 nm) and approached that resolution in imaging a geosynchronous communications satellite utilizing the Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) and the Fienup method. We continued the pattern of parallel programs established in our previous AFGL work: E.D. Hege, P. A. Strittmatter and N. J. Woolf, Investigations of High Resolution Imaging Through the Earth's Atmosphere Using Speckle Interferometry, AFGL Report AFGL-TR-84-0116, 1984. Specific to this contract work, in our first year we completed a fully co-phased optical beam-combiner for implementation of the full 6.9m aperture imaging capability of the MMT. During our second year we met our final objective, by producing a 100 nrad resolution image of the geosynchronous Earth satellite FLTSATCOMl. We have proposed designs for systems to accomplish in real-time the data integrations necessary for Fienup and Knox-Thompson image reconstructions. Throughout the interval we continued work on algorithm development and seeing calibration. Our most notable achievement was applications of seeing calibration techniques and refinements of the shift-and-add method applied successfully in our scientific program of studies of red supergiants.

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