Dusty Disks at the Bottom of the Initial Mass Function

Details Dusty Disks at the Bottom of the Initial Mass Function Dusty Disks at the Bottom of the Initial Mass Function

Jan 2008

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008apj...672l..49s&link_type=abstract

The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 672, Issue 1, pp. L49-L52.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

26

Stars: Circumstellar Matter, Stars: Planetary Systems, Stars: Planetary Systems: Protoplanetary Disks, Stars: Formation, Stars: Low-Mass, Brown Dwarfs

Scientific paper

Isolated planetary-mass objects (IPMOs) have masses close to or below the deuterium-burning mass limit (~15 MJup)-at the bottom of the stellar initial mass function. We present an exploratory survey for disks in this mass regime, based on a dedicated observing campaign with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Our targets include the full sample of spectroscopically confirmed IPMOs in the σ Orionis cluster, a total of 18 sources. In the mass range 8-20 MJup, we identify four objects with >3 σ color excess at a wavelength of 8.0 μm, interpreted as emission from dusty disks. We thus establish that a substantial fraction of IPMOs harbor disks with lifetimes of at least 2-4 Myr (the likely age of the cluster), indicating an origin from core collapse and fragmentation processes. The disk frequency in the IPMO sample is 29+/-1613% at 8.0 μm, very similar to what has been found for stars and brown dwarfs (~30%). The object S Ori 70, a candidate 3 MJup object in this cluster, shows IRAC colors in excess of the typical values for field T dwarfs (on a 2 σ level), possibly due to disk emission or low gravity. This is a new indication for youth and thus an extremely low mass for S Ori 70.

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