New Results For Hypervelocity Stars Using N-body Simulations

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Hypervelocity stars (HVSs) have sufficient velocity to escape the gravitational pull of the Galaxy. They were theorized in 1988, and first discovered in 2005. Today, there are at least 16 confirmed HVSs. We know of three mechanisms that can produce HVSs. The most well studied mechanism is the production of HVSs via the disruption of a binary star system by a massive black hole (MBH); such as the one in the center of the Milky Way (Sgr A*). The second mechanism is the inspiral of an intermediate mass black hole. The third mechanism involves the interaction of stars with stellar black holes. We use direct N-body integration to study the orbits of thousands of different systems around a MBH of 4×106 M&sun; similar to the mass of SgrA*. We describe the various outcomes of our simulations, including the production of hypervelocity binaries (HVBs) via the disruption of a triple system by the MBH. Such HVBs may be ejected at close orbits that lead to mass-exchange and the formation of hypervelocity blue stragglers (BSs). Similarly, a triple disruption can lead to the capture, by the MBH, of two or even three stars. A captured binary can sometimes evolve into a BS, and at other times the system will collide with low enough velocity that a merger will take place. We describe these new results in detail, as well as additional new developments. This work was supported in part by Dartmouth College and Harvard University funds.

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