Galaxy Cluster Environments of Radio Sources

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

A large sample of galaxy clusters over a range of both redshift and mass is important in addressing questions of galaxy evolution and cosmology. One method of galaxy cluster detection that has shown potential to high redshifts is the use of bent double-lobed radio sources. Using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we have examined the optical environments surrounding bent double-lobed radio sources drawn from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters (FIRST) catalog. We find that more than 60% of bent double-lobed radio sources with optical counterparts in the SDSS are found in rich clusters to a redshift of z 0.5 (the limit to which we can detect cluster member galaxies). We also find that straight double-lobed and single-component radio sources are less likely to be located in rich galaxy clusters, with cluster association rates of 30% and 10%, respectively. One possible method for bending double-lobed radio sources is a recent large-scale cluster merger. We investigate the optical substructure of the galaxy cluster environments surrounding a subset of our radio/optical sources and search for a correlation between significant substructure and the bending of the radio lobes. Bent double-lobed radio sources lacking detectable host galaxies (typically luminous, giant elliptical galaxies) in the SDSS make ideal candidates for follow-up study as they are likely to be located in high redshift (z>0.7) galaxy clusters. There are 1,049 bent-double radio sources without optical hosts in the SDSS, and given the cluster association rate at low redshift, we expect to find approximately 635 clusters at z>0.7 with a wide range of masses. We have performed deep ground-based optical and near-infrared follow-up observations of 80 of these sources lacking optical hosts in the SDSS, and Spitzer observations for 650 sources are ongoing.

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