Coded mask X-ray images of the Virgo cluster. I - Hard X-rays from the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4388

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Seyfert Galaxies, Virgo Galactic Cluster, X Ray Astronomy, X Ray Spectra, Energy Spectra, Spaceborne Astronomy, Spectral Energy Distribution, Spectral Resolution, X Ray Telescopes

Scientific paper

Spectrally resolved hard X-ray (2-32 keV) images of the Virgo cluster of galaxies were obtained with the University of Birmingham coded mask X-ray telescope on the Spacelab-2 mission. The images demonstrate that much of the hard X-ray emission previously reported from the cluster originates in NGC 4388 which has been described on the basis of optical observations as a type 2 Seyfert galaxy. Flux was detected from NGC 4388 in the energy range of about 2-18 keV and has a spectrum consistent with that expected from a type 1 Seyfert, but with a very high hydrogen column density. Its luminosity in the 2-10 keV energy-band is abut 10 to the 42nd erg/s (assuming a distance of 20 Mpc). When combined with recent optical detections of faint broad wings to the H-alpha line, these results suggest that NGC 4388 should be reclassified as a narrow emission-line galaxy, a class of objects widely held to contain heavily obscured, low-luminosity type 1 Seyfert nuclei.

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