Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Sep 1993
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993apjs...88..173k&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (ISSN 0067-0049), vol. 88, no. 1, p. 173-197.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
67
Cosmic Dust, Millimeter Waves, Optical Properties, Radio Emission, Stellar Envelopes, Submillimeter Waves, Carbon Stars, Continuous Radiation, Emissivity, Mathematical Models, Radiant Flux Density
Scientific paper
This paper describes continuum observations at wavelengths between 2 mm and 350 microns of five highly evolved stars: the oxygen-rich stars VY CMa and OH 231.8+4.2, and the carbon-rich stars CRL 2688, CRL 618, and NGC 7027. All of these stars are surrounded by extended cool dusty molecular envelopes produced by mass loss. The submillimeter data are combined with infrared data and compared with models of circumstellar dust shells. The dust emissivity index beta for all of these stars is found to be slightly less than 1 throughout the submillimeter range, showing that the dust in both carbon- and oxygen-rich circumstellar environments is likely to have layered amorphous structure. The models give gas-to-dust ratios of about 100:1 by mass.
Knapp Gillan R.
Robson Ian E.
Sandell Goeran
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