Thermal design for the Infrared Astronomical Satellite /IRAS/ Telescope System

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Infrared Astronomy Satellite, Satellite Design, Satellite Temperature, Spaceborne Telescopes, Temperature Control, Cryogenic Equipment, Sky Surveys (Astronomy), Specifications, Systems Engineering, Tables (Data), Thermal Environments

Scientific paper

The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) is a cryogenically cooled space telescope system designed to make an unbiased all-sky survey of infrared sources in the range from 8 to 120 microns. The scientific objectives include galactic astronomy, extragalactic astronomy, and search for new classes of purely IR objects. The mission lifetime, approximately one year, is equated to the cryogen storage capacity of the satellite. IR observations require a cooled telescope and detector system; thus the mission will be terminated when the liquid helium has boiled off. For this reason, the cryogenic subsystem design and the external thermal subsystem design are both vital to the mission life. The former is described in another paper, and the latter (the external thermal control subsystem) is considered in the present paper. Attention is given to thermal subsystem functions and interfaces, thermal control methods, thermal subsystem description, interface support structure, instrumentation, and thermal analysis.

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