Probing Relativistic Plasmas in Supernova Remnants, Radio Galaxies, and Clusters at Long Radio Wavelengths

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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X-Ray, Radio, Supernova Remnants

Scientific paper

High resolution (< 1 arcmin), low frequency (< 100 MHz) radio observations of non-thermal sources such as supernova remnants (SNRs), radio galaxies, and clusters can be a valuable complement to both higher frequency radio and X-ray observations. For SNRs they probe unshocked ejecta, constrain the physics of Fermi acceleration processes, and delineate the distribution of ionized gas at SNR/molecular cloud boundaries, all of which are well complemented by X-ray observations. For radio galaxies they provide sensitive continuum spectra for studying radio galaxy evolution, for understanding self-absorption processes, and for delineating the extent of low surface brightness emitting regions that may not be revealed by higher frequency radio observations. Toward clusters they anchor accurate continuum spectra that enable studies of the pressure balance between the non-thermal plasma in the constituent radio sources and the confining thermal X-ray emitting gas, and they are sensitive to the buoyant bubbles of relativistic plasma rising to cluster peripheries. In all cases the unrivaled continuum spectra can be utilized to understand the details of shock acceleration processes that may have their seed particles in the X-ray emitting thermal gas. Here we provide examples of the ongoing Very Large Array-led renaissance in high resolution, low frequency radio astronomy that is providing images that can address these questions. These observations foreshadow the rich scientific landscape awaiting exploration by an emerging generation of much more powerful low frequency instruments such as the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the Long Wavelength Array (LWA).

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