Visible and invisible volcanic plumes

Details Visible and invisible volcanic plumes Visible and invisible volcanic plumes

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006georl..3324309m&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 33, Issue 24, CiteID L24309

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Volcanology: Volcano Monitoring (7280), Volcanology: Hydrothermal Systems (0450, 1034, 3017, 3616, 4832, 8135), Volcanology: Remote Sensing Of Volcanoes, Volcanology: Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

Volcanic plumes, discharging from craters or fumaroles, are usually observed at active volcanoes. These plumes are divided into two categories from their appearance; one is a transparent invisible plume, composed of volcanic gases, and the other is a white, visible plume, containing water droplets in addition to the vapors. The difference in plume visibility is caused by changes in the conditions that control water condensation in the plume. We present a simple model describing the condition for the water condensation in the plume as a function of the exit temperature, volcanic gas composition, atmospheric temperature and humidity, and tested the model with a field observation. The result indicates that we can estimate the exit temperature from the visibility of the plume under known atmospheric conditions.

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