Nonlinear Growth of Voids Due to the Expansion of Hot Background

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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The formation of cosmic voids is generally studied via simulations that include many effects, but not the presence of a hot background (photons, neutrinos,...). As shown by P. Noerdlinger and V. Petrosian (Ap. J. 168, 1, 1971), the escape of this background as the universe expands decreases the local gravity that is trying to hold a condensation together. This behavior, also found in the linear analysis of P. Meszaros (Ap. J. 238, 781, 1980), can be carried into the nonlinear regime. If rho_cl is the density of cold matter in a condensation or overdense region, with initial value ρclf, and ρlight is the density of the hot background (1+z)4, with initial value ρlightf , then it can be shown that ρcl/ ρclf = [(1+2 ρlight/ ρcl)3] / [(1+2 ρlightf/ ρclf)3]. This establishes that only the densest concentrations of matter, after recombination, can survive and the less dense volumes will expand with the universe, leaving the dense concentrations in the walls of the resulting voids.

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