Natural Solid Bitumens as Possible Analogs for Cometary and Asteroid Organics:

Details Natural Solid Bitumens as Possible Analogs for Cometary and Asteroid Organics: Natural Solid Bitumens as Possible Analogs for Cometary and Asteroid Organics:

Aug 1998

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998icar..134..253m&link_type=abstract

Icarus, Volume 134, Issue 2, pp. 253-268.

Computer Science

44

Scientific paper

Natural solid oil bitumens (asphaltites, kerites, anthraxolites) appear to be useful spectral analogs for cometary and asteroid refractory organics. They show color similarities to the surfaces of dark asteroids and cometary nuclei, as well as compositional and structural resemblances to organic components of carbonaceous chondrites. These dark solids are composed of a variety of organic compounds, most of which are aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Spectral reflectance measurements in the range 0.5-16 μm have been performed on a suite of solid bitumen powders. The samples were also characterized by chemical analyses, solid state ^13C-NMR, and X-ray diffractometry. The observed spectral variations between bitumen samples correlate with their chemical composition and structure. In the near-infrared region spectral parameters have been found, which make it possible to derive carbon aromaticities (f_a) and the most important elemental ratios (C/(C + H + N + S + O) or H/C). Moreover, these parameters can be used to estimate some structural characteristics of the aromatic component (an average interlayer spacing d_002 and vertical crystallite size L_c). The use of the same spectral parameters may help to reveal the presence of mineral admixtures when their content in an organic-rich assemblage is too low to show any distinct absorption bands of the minerals.

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