Modelling Cygnus X-3 radio outbursts - Particle injection into twin jets

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Cygnus Constellation, Elementary Particle Interactions, Radio Bursts, Radio Jets (Astronomy), Synchrotron Radiation, X Ray Binaries, Astronomical Models, Relativistic Particles, Stellar Mass, Very Long Base Interferometry

Scientific paper

The well known X-ray binary system Cyg X-3 has exhibited several strong radio outbursts since its discovery in 1972. Their main features were initially interpreted in terms of the model of Van der Laan (1966), which considers synchrotron radiation from an adiabatically expanding cloud of relativistic electrons and magnetic fields. However, some discrepancies were found, particularly the maximum flux density at the higher frequencies, which was much lower than predicted. In the last few years, VLBI observations have shown that this radio source actually presents a twin jet-like structure which expands at very high velocities. In this paper we propose a model based on synchrotron radiation from laterally expanding twin jets. The rise in flux density during the outbursts is accounted for by assuming particle injection. Finally, the model is applied to the first historical radio outburst in 1972 September, which is still today the event observed with the widest frequency range. Satisfactory agreement is obtained over a range of more than two decades of frequency, from 0.4 GHz to 90 GHz.

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