Computer Science – Sound
Scientific paper
Dec 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010agufm.p34a..08o&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010, abstract #P34A-08
Computer Science
Sound
[5430] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Interiors, [5464] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Remote Sensing, [6222] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Ganymede, [6223] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Callisto
Scientific paper
The MARSIS and SHARAD subsurface radar sounders have been observing the Martian polar terrains, which are considered a close analogue to the material forming the crusts of Europa and Ganymede. MARSIS and SHARAD results are reviewed and discussed, and expected capabilities and challenges for similar instruments on the two Jovian moons are assessed. The model scientific payload of the Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO) in the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM) includes a subsurface sounding radar experiment (SSR) to explore the upper few kilometres of the icy crust of Ganymede and, to a lesser extent, Callisto. Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) and SHAllow RADar sounder (SHARAD) are two similar experiments currently operating on Mars, carried respectively on ESA'a Mars Express and NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. They function by transmitting a low-frequency radar pulse that is capable of penetrating below the surface, and is reflected when it encounters dielectric and structural discontinuities in the subsurface. Both MARSIS and SHARAD have observed ice deposits that are expected to be a close analogue to the material forming the crusts of the two Jovian satellites. Whereas MARSIS is optimized for deep penetration, having detected echoes down to a depth of 3.7 km over the South Polar Layered Deposits, SHARAD is capable of a tenfold-finer vertical resolution, namely 15 m or less, depending on the dielectric constant of the material being sounded. MARSIS is capable of transmitting at four different bands between 1.3 MHz and 5.5 MHz, with a 1 MHz bandwidth. SHARAD operates at a central frequency of 20 MHz transmitting a 10 MHz bandwidth. Radar sounding results on Mars from both MARSIS and SHARAD highlight the scientific capabilities of this type of experiments and show the effect of design parameter choices on instrument performance. They also prove the potential of SSR to provide unique information in the study of the geological and geophysical evolution of icy satellites. Moreover, the experience gained in the analysis of SHARAD and MARSIS echoes is very important in the design of SSR in order to develop an instrument and a set of data processing techniques capable to address the limitations observed in the Mars experiments.
Alberti Giovanni
Bruzzone Lorenzo
Flamini Enrico
Frigeri Achille
Heggy Essam
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