Other
Scientific paper
Aug 1993
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993jfm...253..141d&link_type=abstract
Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120), vol. 253, p. 141-166.
Other
147
Free Convection, Heat Flux, Isothermal Layers, Rayleigh Number, Viscous Fluids, Earth Mantle, Magma, Temperature Dependence, Viscosity
Scientific paper
Results of laboratory studies of the characteristics of thermal convection in a fluid whose viscosity varies strongly with temperature are presented. The upper boundary of an isothermal layer of Golden Syrup is cooled rapidly and maintained at a fixed temperature. The fluid layer is insulated at the bottom and cools continuously. Rayleigh number calculated with the viscosity of the well-mixed interior are between 10 exp 6 and 10 exp 8, and viscosity contrasts are up to 10 exp 6. Thermal convection develops only in the lower part of the thermal boundary layer, and the upper part remains stagnant. At the onset of convection, the viscosity contrast across the unstable boundary layer has a value of about 3. In fully developed convection, this viscosity contrast is higher, with a typical value of 10. The heat flux through the top of the layer depends solely on local conditions in the unstable boundary layer. The magnitude of temperature fluctuations and the thickness of the stagnant lid are calculated to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Davaille Anne
Jaupart Claude
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