Detection of Anisotropies in the Gravitational-Wave Stochastic Background

Details Detection of Anisotropies in the Gravitational-Wave Stochastic Background Detection of Anisotropies in the Gravitational-Wave Stochastic Background

1996-07-26

arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9607068v2

Phys.Rev.D56:545-563,1997

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

25 pages, Latex with RevTeX and epsfig, now includes S/N ratio calculations, expected response from anisotropy due to local mo

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.56.545

By correlating the signals from a pair of gravitational-wave detectors, one can undertake sensitive searches for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation. If the stochastic background is anisotropic, then this correlated signal varies harmonically with the earth's rotation. We calculate how the harmonics of this varying signal are related to the multipole moments which characterize the anisotropy, and give a formula for the signal-to-noise ratio of a given harmonic. The specific case of the two LIGO (Laser Interferometric Gravitational Observatory) detectors, which will begin operation around the year 2000, is analyzed in detail. We consider two possible examples of anisotropy. If the gravitational-wave stochastic background contains a dipole intensity anisotropy whose origin (like that of the Cosmic Background Radiation) is motion of our local system, then that anisotropy will be observable by the advanced LIGO detector (with 90% confidence in one year of observation) if \Omega_{gw} > 5.3 \times 10^{-8} h_{100}^{-2}. We also study the signal produced by stochastic sources distributed in the same way as the luminous matter in the galactic disk, and in the same way as the galactic halo. The anisotropy due to sources distributed as the galactic disk or as the galactic halo will be observable by the advanced LIGO detector (with 90% confidence in one year of observation) if \Omega_{gw} > 1.8 \times 10^{-10} h_{100}^{-2} or \Omega_{gw} > 6.7 \times 10^{-8} h_{100}^{-2}, respectively.

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