Magnetic fields on asteroid 4 Vesta recorded by the Millbillillie eucrite

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The existence and size of a metallic core in 4 Vesta place key constraints on the asteroid's differentiation and thermal history. Because convecting cores can generate magnetic fields, remanent magnetization in planetary rocks can be used to infer past dynamo activity and therefore core formation and convection. To search for records of such a dynamo, we performed a paleomagnetic study of the Millbillillie eucrite. Our data provide the first unambiguous evidence of remanent magnetism recorded on its parent body 4 Vesta. Mutually-oriented subsamples contain at least one stable, unidirectional component of magnetization. This remanence is likely a record of crustal fields on 4 Vesta before 3.55 Ga or a dynamo field during a period of global thermal metamorphism within the first 100 Myr of formation. The intensity and acquisition timing of this remanence constrain the strength and duration of a proposed early Vesta dynamo, and have important implications for detecting crustal magnetic fields using observations of possible space weathering features by the Dawn spacecraft.

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