Calibrating the Hubble Constant Using Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function. Distances to Type 1A Supernovae

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

We report the results of an [O III] survey for planetary nebulae (PN) in five galaxies that were hosts of well-observed Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia): NGC 524, NGC 1316, NGC 1380, NGC 1448 and NGC 4526.
The goals of this survey are to better quantify the zero-point of the maximum magnitude versus decline rate relation for SN Ia and to validate the insensitivity of SN Ia luminosity to host galaxy Hubble type. We detected a total of 45 planetary nebulae candidates in NGC 1316, 44 candidates in NGC 1380, and 94 candidates in NGC 4526. From these data, and the empirical planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF), we derive distances. Our derived distance to NGC 4526 has a lower precision due to the likely presence of Virgo intracluster planetary nebulae in the foreground of this galaxy. In NGC 524 and NGC 1448 we detected no planetary nebulae candidates down to the limiting magnitudes of our observations. We present a formalism for setting realistic distance limits in these two cases, and derive robust lower limits of 20.9 Mpc and 15.8 Mpc, respectively. Combining these results with optical and near-IR Hubble diagrams for SN Ia gives H, which agrees to within with the best estimate of H derived from Cepheid distances of the host galaxies of well-observed SN Ia.

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