Oxygen isotopic determination of climatic variation using phosphate from beaver bone, tooth enamel, and dentine

Details Oxygen isotopic determination of climatic variation using phosphate from beaver bone, tooth enamel, and dentine Oxygen isotopic determination of climatic variation using phosphate from beaver bone, tooth enamel, and dentine

Jun 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997gecoa..61.2539s&link_type=abstract

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 61, Issue 12, pp.2539-2550

Mathematics

Logic

3

Scientific paper

The 18 O of Canadian beaver ( Castor canadensis ) teeth should reflect variations in the isotopic composition of the water in which the beavers live, as their incisors grow rapidly and continuously. We observe seasonal variations in phosphate 18 O using samples of enamel taken along the length of single teeth. In the spring the 18 O of the enamel being deposited gradually declines, reflecting a retarded input of 18 O depleted winter water. After mid-year, enamel 18 O is higher than average (as represented by the 18 O of bone phosphate from the same animal) and passes through a maximum in late summer or early fall. Overall, the amplitude of seasonal excursions in enamel 18 O (4 ) is much smaller than the expected summer-winter range in the 18 O of meteoric water (> 10 ). This is because hydrologic mixing processes, gradual admixing of environmental water with beaver body water, long-term plant growth, and oxygen inputs of relatively constant value (particularly atmospheric oxygen) tend to even out summer-winter differences in the 18 O of oxygen inputs to the beaver. The 18 O of bone from adult beavers was uniform at 11.9 ± 0.5 over the study area. Analyses of a Sangamon age giant beaver ( Castoroides ohioensis ) incisor from Hopwood Farm, Illinois, show a slightly larger 5.5 seasonal cycle of 18 O with an average enamel 18 O of 18 . This suggests that average temperatures were warmer during the Sangamon than today and that seasonal temperature differences and/or relative humidity variations were larger.

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