Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Dec 1979
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1979jgr....84.8415s&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 84, Dec. 30, 1979, p. 8415-8426.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
71
Astronomical Spectroscopy, Mars Surface, Optical Reflection, Planetary Composition, Spectral Reflectance, Spectrum Analysis, Albedo, Basalt, Ice, Infrared Spectra, Iron Oxides, Mariner 9 Space Probe, Telescopes, Visual Observation
Scientific paper
Visible and near-infrared reflectance spectra and multispectral maps of the Martian surface are discussed, and implications of the data for the composition of the Martian surface are considered. Spacecraft and earth-based telescopic observations have confirmed the generally bimodal albedo distribution of the planet, dividing the surface into bright and dark regions. Mars spectra are characterized by the presence of strong Fe(+3) absorption, which is attributed to various ferric oxide minerals. Interpretations of the spectra from the dark regions indicate a basaltic or ultramafic source rock. Evidence for water ice or a highly desiccated metal hydrate has been obtained, along with evidence for CO2-ice only in the south polar cap. Mariner 9 observations of Martian dust suggest the presence of rather acidic rock or mineral particles, or a montmorillonite-type clay. Prospects for the future study of Martian surface composition include continuing earth-based spectrophotometric studies, and high-spectral-resolution mapping of a significant portion of the surface by the Galileo spacecraft and the next Mars mission.
Adams Barclay J.
Clark Roger Nelson
Huguenin Robert L.
McCord Th. B.
Singer Robert B.
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