Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Mar 1999
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999geoji.136..637c&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Journal International, Volume 136, Issue 3, pp. 637-650.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
21
Cross-Borehole Tomography, Experiment, Information, Optimal Design, Survey
Scientific paper
Experiment design optimization requires that the quality of any particular design can be both quantified and then maximized. In this study, experiment quality is defined to measure the constraints on a particular model offered by the anticipated experimental data (that is, it measures anticipated model information post-experiment). Physical and financial constraints define the space of possible experimental designs. The definitions used here require that the relationship between model parameters and data can be linearized without significant loss of information.
Two new measures of model information are introduced and compared to three previously known measures. One of the new measures can be calculated extremely efficiently allowing experiments constraining large model spaces to be designed. This efficiency trades off with a lack of sensitivity to poorly constrained parts of the model. Each measure is used independently to design a cross-borehole tomographic survey including surface sources and receivers (henceforth called nodes) which maximally constrains the interborehole velocity structure. The boreholes are vertical and the background velocity is assumed to be approximately constant. Features common to most or all optimal designs form robust design criteria-`rules of thumb'-which can be applied to design future experiments. These are:
(1) surface nodes significantly improve designs
(2) node density increases steadily down the length of each well
(3) surface node density is increased slightly around the central point between the wells
(4) average node density on the ground surface is lower than that down each well.
Three of these criteria are shown to be intuitively reasonable (the fourth is not), but the current method is quantitative and hence may be applied in situations where intuition breaks down (for example, non-vertical wells with multilateral splays; combining different data types; inversion for anisotropic model parameters). In such cases the optimal design is usually not obvious, but can be found using the quantitative methods introduced and discussed herein.
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