Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981spfl...23..126.&link_type=abstract
Spaceflight, vol. 23, May 1981, p. 126-128.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Saturn Atmosphere, Saturn Rings, Saturn Satellites, Spaceborne Astronomy, Voyager 1 Spacecraft, Planetary Magnetospheres, Satellite-Borne Photography, Space Exploration, Titan, Saturn, Voyager 1, Rings, Satellites, Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Rhea, Dione, Photographs, Diagrams, Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus, Characteristics, Magnetosphere, Features, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, Atmosphere, Physical Properties
Scientific paper
Scientific discoveries and observations of the November 11-13, 1980 Voyager 1 Saturn flyby and the resulting theories are presented. The basic appearance of the Saturn atmosphere is similar to that of Jupiter, but its features are made less clear by a much thicker haze layer above the visible clouds. The greatest wind speeds (more than 1600 km per hour) occur at the equator. Temperatures near the cloud tops range from -305 to -294 F, with the coolest temperature near the center of the equatorial zone. Auroral emissions were observed near the poles, and auroral-type emissions in the ultraviolet were also seen near the illuminated limbs of the planet. Radio emissions indicate that the body of the planet and its magnetosphere rotate every 10 hours 39 minutes 26 seconds. A, B, and C rings were observed to consist of hundreds of ringlets, a few of which are elliptical in shape, and a further explanation of the D, E, and F rings is given. Each of the recently discovered moons was photographed, but only S-10 and S-11 had large enough diameters in the images to permit their shapes to be determined. Data on Saturn's inner and outer moons are presented, and special attention is given to Titan. Saturn's magnetosphere extends nearly a million miles inward from the planet toward the sun, and its charged particles are dragged along by the magnetic field and circle Saturn once every 10 hours 39 minutes.
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