Simulation of Foreshock Strcutures at the Bow Shock

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2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 7839 Nonlinear Phenomena, 7843 Numerical Simulation Studies, 7851 Shock Waves, 7867 Wave/Particle Interactions

Scientific paper

A 2-D global hybrid simulation is carried out to study the kinetic structure of the bow shock. In the simulation, the bow shock is formed by the interaction between the supersonic solar wind and the geomagnetic field. The simulation domain contains the dayside plasma regions from the geocentric distance of r= 5RE to 30 RE. Strong temperoal electromagnetic wave activities are found in the shock transition and foreshock regions due to reflected ions at the bow shock. Later, spatial structures with alternate temperature increases and decreases develop around quasi-parallel shocks, where reflected ion beams and diffuse ions are present in the foreshock regions. These structures are elongated along field lines, both upstream and downstream of the bow shock, some with a high temperature and low ion density, magnetic field, and flow speed, and others with a low temperature and high density, magnetic field, and flow speed. Those with temperature increases and density, magnetic field, and the flow speed decreases appear like weak hot flow anomalies (HFAs), but without strong flow deflections. While HFAs can be generated by the arrival of external, interplanetary discontinuities at the bow shock, the existence of these foreshock cavities are due to the internal kinetic processes in the bow shock. The structure of the foreshock cavities are investigated and compared with that of HFAs. The ion velocity distributions around the foreshock cavities are examined. The relation between the foreshock structures and the upstream ion beams and associated waves is also discussed. The simulation results will be compared with recent satellite observations of the foreshock.

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