Is U Aquarii a Thorne-Żytkow Object?

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Nuclear Reactions, Nucleosynthesis, Abundances, Stars: Abundances, Stars: Individual: Constellation Name: U Aquarii, Stars: Variables: Other: (R Coronae Borealis)

Scientific paper

The R Coronae Borealis (RCB) star U Aqr was known to show an unusual abundance pattern with respect to the post-iron peak elements. The abundances of elements in the light s-process peak-Rb, Sr, Y, and Zr-are greatly enhanced, whereas elements representative of the heavy s-process peak, such as Ba, do not exhibit large abundance enhancements. Recent calculations of the abundances of elements formed by rapid proton capture in Thorne-Żytkow objects indicate that qualitatively the abundance pattern of post-iron peak elements in Thorne-Żytkow objects appeared to match that observed in U Aqr. New high-resolution spectra of U Aqr and two other stars are used to explore the possibility that U Aqr is a Thorne-Żytkow object. Our spectra show that on the basis of the light s-process elements, in particular the absence of an enhancement of Mo, Cu, and Zn, it does not appear that U Aqr is a good candidate for a Thorne-Żytkow object. However, the light s-process abundance pattern resembles that of Sakurai's star that has recently begun to show RCB characteristics. We suggest that these stars represent a possible source for the ``weak'' component of the solar system s-process distribution of heavy elements.

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