Response of Polar Magnetospheric Density to High Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure

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2730 Magnetosphere: Inner, 2740 Magnetospheric Configuration And Dynamics, 2776 Polar Cap Phenomena, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions

Scientific paper

Understanding the sources and transport of the magnetospheric plasma is a fundamental research topic in magnetospheric physics and is crucial to space weather forecasting. The ultimate plasma sources of the magnetosphere are the solar wind and ionosphere. The polar magnetosphere (above 2000-3000 km altitude in the polar cap) is often the pathway for the solar wind and/or ionosphere plasma to access other regions of the magnetosphere. Therefore, the plasma density in the polar magnetosphere and its variations are strongly modulated by variations in the solar wind/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and ionospheric ion outflows. Based on this fact, we may extract useful information about the plasma sources of the magnetosphere by investigating the plasma density variations in the polar cap. In this study we present the electron density measurements from IMAGE RPI in the polar magnetosphere and show that a solar wind dynamic pressure enhancement can increase the plasma density in the polar cap. The plasma density increase in the polar magnetosphere in the case examined here is shown to be most possibly associated with the enhancement of the solar wind density although there might be a contribution from the ionospheric ion outflows. The IMF By is larger than the IMF Bz in magnitude and the polar cap convection is anti-sunward in general. The present observation indicates that the direct entry of the solar wind through the cusp has significant effects on the plasma density in the polar magnetosphere.

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