Expected X-ray Emission from the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM)

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

The number of detected baryons in the Universe at z<0.5 is much smaller than predicted by standard big bang nucleosynthesis and by the detailed observation of the Lyman alpha forest at red-shift z=2. Hydrodynamical simulations indicate that a large fraction of the baryons today is expected to be in a ''warm-hot'' (105-107 K) filamentary gas, distributed in the intergalactic medium (WHIM). It is currently believed that a significant fraction (\ 10%) of the diffuse x-ray background in the energy band 0.5-1 keV is due to thermal emission from this intergalactic medium. The signature of the WHIM can be observed in red-shifted (z<1) strong soft x-ray and UV emission lines from highly ionized elements.
Using the prediction of the hydrodynamic models we simulated the expected x-ray emission due to the WHIM and compared it with local and high red-shift components. We then investigated the ability of future missions (Astro-E2, Constellation-X and MBE - a proposed dedicated SMEX mission) to detect the X-ray emission due to the WHIM, and we quantified the effect of the WHIM x-ray emission on current and past experiments.

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