Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Dec 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007agufmsh31b..02j&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007, abstract #SH31B-02
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
2104 Cosmic Rays, 2159 Plasma Waves And Turbulence, 7859 Transport Processes, 7863 Turbulence (4490)
Scientific paper
The transport and acceleration of energetic charged particles in collisionless astrophysical plasmas is determined significantly by their interactions with turbulence. It has realized for some time that the simple, intuitive "billiard-ball" scattering picture whereby the particles are "scattered" by magnetic fluctuations is inadequate. The spatial transport depends on the nature of the turbulence at all scales, ranging from the small scales of the order of the energetic particle gyro-radius to the outer or coherence scale, which determines the field-line meandering or random walk. Spacecraft observations require that the cross-field transport be much larger than suggested by the simple scattering picture. In addition, observations now show that the turbulence itself is more complex than initially supposed. The anisotropy of the turbulence and intermittency effects impact the particle transport in ways that are yet not fully understood. For example, the "dropouts" observed in impulsive solar-energetic-particle events have been interpreted in two quite-different different ways - either as an initial transient effect or as the result of the behavior turbulent field lines themselves. Some recent work has suggested that subdiffusive or superdiffusive transport may occur and explain some energetic-particle observations. The challenges presented by the observations and possible explanations in terms of new ideas will be critically discussed.
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