Other
Scientific paper
Jul 1997
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997phdt.........1l&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PHD). CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , Source DAI-B 58/01, p. 239, Jul 1997, 278 pages.
Other
Proton, Dark Matter
Scientific paper
The galactic cosmic ray proton and antiproton abundances were measured with the Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment (IMAX), a balloon-borne magnet spectrometer. IMAX flew from Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada on July 16, 1992. Particles detected by IMAX were identified via the Cherenkov-Rigidity and TOF-Rigidity techniques, with measured mass resolution <=0.2 amu for Z = 1 particles. Previous cosmic ray antiproton experiments reported more antiprotons than expected from high energy cosmic ray interactions with the interstellar medium. IMAX data analysis yielded 124405 protons and 3 antiprotons in the energy range 0.19-0.97 GeV at the instrument, 140617 protons and 8 antiprotons at 0.97-2.58 GeV, and 22524 protons and 5 antiprotons at 2.58-3.08 GeV. These measurements are a statistical improvement over previous measurements, and they demonstrate improved separation of antiprotons from protons, electrons, and other cosmic ray species. When corrected for instrumental and atmospheric background and losses, the ratios at the top of the atmosphere are p/p = 3.21 (+3.49, -1.97)× 10-5 in the energy range 0.25-1.00 GeV, p/p = 5.38 (+3.48, -2.45)× 10-5 at 1.00-2.61 GeV, and p/p = 2.05 (+1.79, -1.15)× 10-4 at 2.61-3.11 GeV. The corresponding antiproton intensities are 2.3 (+2.5, -1.4)× 10-2 (m2 s sr GeV)-1, 2.1 (+1.4, -1.0)× 10-2 (m2 s sr GeV)-1, and 4.3 (+3.7, -2.4)× 10-2 (m2 s sr GeV)-1. The IMAX antiproton fluxes and antiproton/proton ratios are compared with recent Standard Leaky Box Model (SLBM) calculations, in which cosmic ray antiprotons arise solely from high energy cosmic ray interactions with the interstellar medium. Solar modulation effects are also calculated, showing that the antiproton/proton ratio can vary by an order of magnitude over the solar cycle. The IMAX antiproton measurements are consistent with recent calculations of the SLBM and solar modulation. No evidence is found in the IMAX data for excess antiprotons arising from exotic sources. Furthermore, these measurements and the SLBM calculations suggest that the mean antiproton lifetime is at least as large as the cosmic ray storage time in the galaxy (~107 yr, based on cosmic ray 10Be measurements).
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