On Extreme Space Weather Conditions in the Equatorial Ionosphere

Details On Extreme Space Weather Conditions in the Equatorial Ionosphere On Extreme Space Weather Conditions in the Equatorial Ionosphere

Dec 2007

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007agufmsa21b..03i&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007, abstract #SA21B-03

Other

2415 Equatorial Ionosphere, 4239 Limnology (0458, 1845, 4942)

Scientific paper

During the November 2004 Superstorm, unprecedented coverage was available from the radar chain near 75°W. In particular, the Jicamarca Radio Observatory reported the highest upward and downward drifts ever recorded. These huge upward drifts (>120 m/s) were highly correlated (90%) with the dawn-to-dusk component of the interplanetary electric field (the electric field in the frame of reference of the earth) with a 10% efficiency. When a reversal of the IEF abruptly occurred in daytime conditions, the temporal history of the zonal component of the equatorial field was similar but the efficiency was only about 3%. The huge daytime uplift abruptly evacuated the daytime ionosphere but the solar radiation immediately began to create a new ionosphere. With the above-mentioned reversal to downward motion, the high altitude plasma reappeared in the Jicamarca field of view, causing two F layers: one at 300 km and the other near 600 km. Equatorial spread F was suppressed by the northward turning of the IMF, but was initiated with the second episode of upward velocity over 120 m/s. A simple model of the ionospheric effects of these unusual drift patterns can only be reconciled with the data if, in addition to the penetrating electric field, an equatorward wind was also generated. Mid-latitude wind measurements at Millstone Hill and at Arecibo show that, indeed, several equatorward wind pulses were observed during the storm. Evidence for anomalous resistivity in the equatorial electroject will also be presented.

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