A subarcsecond H2O maser shell surrounding a variable star

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Photosphere, Red Giant Stars, Stimulated Emission, Variable Stars, Water Masers, Astronomical Maps, Radio Astronomy, Very Large Array (Vla), Very Long Base Interferometry

Scientific paper

Radio continuum and H2O maser emission have been detected from the semiregular variable W Hya. The continuum emission at radio frequencies probably comes from the outer photosphere of the red giant star. A partial resolution of the stellar disk shows it to be approximately 0.09 arcsec in diameter. The H2O maser emission arises from a ring of diameter 0.3 arcsec that is well centered on the star. These results for the first time yield a clear detection of a stellar photosphere at radio frequencies (except for the sun) and a radio measurement of the size of a stellar disk. Also, these are the first observations that precisely locate circumstellar maser emission with respect to the exciting star, allowing a detailed modeling of the maser amplification. The H2O masers are unsaturated, amplify spontaneous emission, and are highly beamed.

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