Solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays: Techniques and applications

Mathematics

Scientific paper

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Cosmic Rays, Galactic Radiation, Mathematical Models, Modulation, Radiant Flux Density, Antiprotons, Electrons, Hysteresis, Protons, Solar Cycles, Solar Wind, Steady State, Time Dependence

Scientific paper

The time dependent, spherically symmetric, solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays is discussed. A numerical technique was introduced for the solution of this problem. A model for the solar cycle variation in cosmic ray intensity illustrated this method, using enhanced particle scattering regions. An attempt to explain recent observations which show that cosmic ray electrons are returning to higher intensities, characteristic of solar minimum, faster than cosmic ray protons of about the same energy, the reverse of the previous eleven year cycle is presented. The solar modulation of galactic antiprotons is explained. It appears that a recent low energy measurement of these particles has given cosmic ray theorists trouble devising an interstellar spectrum to fit the observations. A spherically symmetric, stead state calculation of the effects of a strong termination shock in the heliosphere is also presented. The overall effect of a shock on the near-Earth spectra seems negligible.

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