The phenomenological approach to modeling the dark energy

Details The phenomenological approach to modeling the dark energy The phenomenological approach to modeling the dark energy

2012-04-24

arxiv.org/abs/1204.5482v1

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics

44 pages, 5 figures; accepted review article to appear in a special volume of the "Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences"

Scientific paper

In this mini-review we discuss first why we should investigate cosmological models beyond LCDM. We then show how to describe dark energy or modified gravity models in a fluid language with the help of one background and two perturbation quantities. We review a range of dark energy models and study how they fit into the phenomenological framework, including generalizations like phantom crossing, sound speeds different from c and non-zero anisotropic stress, and how these effective quantities are linked to the underlying physical models. We also discuss the limits of what can be measured with cosmological data, and some challenges for the framework.

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