A link between X-ray variability and absorption in active galactic nuclei

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Accretion Disks, Active Galactic Nuclei, X Ray Absorption, Compton Effect, Ionization Coefficients, Radiation Pressure

Scientific paper

It is shown that cool clouds can form in a Compton-heated wind when the flux decreases, and a model is developed which can predict flaring events and constrain the spectral shape. Sinusoidal flux variations of magnitude 10-100 are found to result in clouds for about 30 percent of the time, and flaring events lasting 25 percent of a 1000-(m8)yr period are shown to produce clouds for greater than about 75 percent of the time at radii of about 0.1-3 (m8)pc, with a covering factor close to unity. The values determined for the partial covering factors, absorption columns, and fraction of sources are consistent with the X-ray properties of low-luminosity AGN. It is suggested that cool clouds are accelerated by radiation pressure, and must be at least partially responsible for the observed broad-line properties.

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