CO observations of fragmentation in dark clouds north of the California nebula NGC 1499

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Carbon Monoxide, Molecular Clouds, Molecular Gases, Nebulae, Star Formation, Carbon Isotopes, Interstellar Matter, Line Spectra, Millimeter Waves

Scientific paper

The CO J = 1 to 0 line has been mapped in a region of 4 x 5 deg north of the California nebula NGC 1499 on a 4-arcmin grid using the KOSMA 3 m telescope. The cloud is clearly divided into 12 fragments with averaged velocities near -7, -3 or +3 km/s. Within these fragments, 34 smaller clumps with masses between 20 and 2000 solar masses and radii between 0.5 and 3 pc are identified. Both the (C-12)O and the (C-13)O data indicate that small clumps sizes correlate with large excess of kinetic over gravitational energy. If no special other confinement mechanism is invoked, the clumps seem to evaporate before reaching the stage of star formation.

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