The general solution of the matrix equation $w_t+\sum\limits_{k=1}^nw_{x_k}ρ^{(k)}(w)=ρ(w)+[w,T\tildeρ(w)]$

Details The general solution of the matrix equation $w_t+\sum\limits_{k=1}^nw_{x_k}ρ^{(k)}(w)=ρ(w)+[w,T\tildeρ(w)]$ The general solution of the matrix equation $w_t+\sum\limits_{k=1}^nw_{x_k}ρ^{(k)}(w)=ρ(w)+[w,T\tildeρ(w)]$

2006-12-15

arxiv.org/abs/nlin/0612036v1

Nonlinear Sciences

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems

6 pages

Scientific paper

10.1016/j.physleta.2007.03.051

We construct the general solution of the equation $w_t+\sum\limits_{k=1}^nw_{x_k}\rho^{(k)}(w)=\rho(w)+[w,T\tilde\rho(w)]$, for the $N\times N$ matrix $w$, where $T$ is any constant diagonal matrix, $n, N \in \NN_+$ and $\rho^{(k)}, \rho, \tilde\rho: \RR \to \RR$ are arbitrary analytic functions. Such a solution is based on the observation that, as $w$ evolves according to the above equation, the evolution of its spectrum decouples, and it is ruled by the scalar analogue of the above equation. Therefore the eigenvalues of $w$ and suitably normalized eigenvectors are the $N^2$ Riemann invariants. We also obtain, in the case $\rho=\tilde\rho=0$, a system of $N^2$ non-differential equations characterizing such a general solution. We finally discuss reductions of the above matrix equation to systems of $N$ equations admitting, as Riemann invariants, the eigenvalues of $w$. The simplest example of such reductions is a particular case of the gas dynamics equations

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