Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Jun 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006spd....37.0819c&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, SPD meeting #37, #8.19; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 38, p.234
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
It is well established that solar energetic particles (SEPs) are accelerated in at least two separate ways; in flaring regions and at energetic shocks in the corona and interplanetary medium. It is often assumed that this leads to two well separated classes of SEP events, so--called `impulsive' and `gradual', and that flares make no contribution in the larger, gradual, events. This paper examines the characteristics of the flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) associated with a group of particle events not biased by any abundance variation; they were selected on the basis of having highly anisotropic beams of >100 keV electrons at their onset. There are events belonging to both classes in this sample. It is shown that there is a smooth transition in the characteristics of the associated phenomena. Since almost all events have associated flares and CMEs and flare particles escape in impulsive events then it is highly likely that they do in gradual events as well. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate discussions about the differences between gradual and impulsive flares.
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