Formation of galaxies in the early universe

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Astronomical Models, Galactic Evolution, Galactic Structure, Red Shift, Star Formation Rate, Universe, Big Bang Cosmology, Hydrogen, Perturbation Theory, Photoionization, Recombination Reactions, Stellar Motions

Scientific paper

We study the formation of galaxies in the early universe for masses 109 - 1012 solar mass. We study in particular the role of nonspherical collapse and rotation on the epoch of galaxy formation. We begin the calculation at the recombination era and take into account the physical processes: expansion of the universe, photo-drag, recombination, photoionization, collisional-ionization, photon-cooling, and hydrogen molecular production, destruction and cooling. For the standard isothermal density perturbation spectrum studied by de Araujo & Opher and Gott & Rees, we obtain, for example for M = 1011 solar mass, the collapse redshifts zc = 0.76 - 1.72 for eccentricities between zero and 0.866. We argue that the natural way to explain why galaxies have a maximum mass is that the maximum mass is a natural result of the existence of the primordial perturbation spectrum. The maximum mass that we find is on the order of observed galactic masses M approximately 1011 solar mass.

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