Other
Scientific paper
Aug 1991
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991stin...9413230r&link_type=abstract
M.S. Thesis Tel-Aviv Univ. (Israel). Faculty of Exact Sciences.
Other
Amorphous Materials, Comet Nuclei, Comets, Condensation, Environment Simulation, Ice, Evacuating (Vacuum), Evaporation, Heat Flux, Heat Of Vaporization, Radiant Heating, Solar Heating, Space Missions
Scientific paper
Cometary nuclei consist of mineral and organic dust, ice, and trapped gases. The low temperature at which comets were formed suggests that the ice was formed in the amorphous state. When a comet is heated as it approaches the sun, thermal processes in which the amorphous ice plays a dominant role affect the comet's behavior. Therefore, the gas-laden, amorphous ice appears to be worth extensive study. In previous studies, the microscopic properties of thin, isothermal layers of amorphous ice were investigated. The size of these samples was usually smaller than 1 gram, which is suitable for studying the processes of trapping and release of gases from the amorphous ice, but is too small for investigating properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat, porosity, permeability to gases, and mechanical strength. In the KOSI experiments, thick samples were studied, but they were of crystalline, not amorphous ice. Therefore, the results cannot be directly applied to comets. Thus, it became necessary to build a device for producing large samples of amorphous ice. This work describes a simulator which can produce a sample of about 1 kg of gas-laden amorphous ice. The simulator, which is under construction at the University of Tel-Aviv, will enable properties of amorphous ice to be measured which cannot be measured with small samples. The apparatus will also be used for the study of crust building and for examining possible mechanisms for the sporadically observed outbursts in comets.
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