X-ray pulsar beam patterns for emission by magnetized plasma with vacuum polarization

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Cosmic Plasma, Plasma Radiation, Pulsars, X Ray Sources, Angular Distribution, Electron Energy, Optical Thickness, Photons, Polarization Characteristics, Radiation Distribution, Vacuum Effects

Scientific paper

The effect of the vacuum on the angular distribution of the radiation emitted by the plasma in X-ray pulsars is analyzed, taking the radiation of a homogeneous, semiinfinite, strongly magnetized plasma as an example. Angular distributions are calculated for a wide range of photon energies and plasma electron densities. Vacuum polarization is found to significantly alter the beam patterns. The beamwidth, a nonmonotonic function of photon energy, depends on the inclination of the magnetic field to the normal, and is subject to major changes. If that inclination is neither zero nor ninety degrees, the beam will be markedly asymmetric over a wide range of photon energies, and the phases of maximum and minimum flux will vary with photon energy.

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