Evidence of non-LTE in photospheric lines of G and K giants

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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G Stars, Giant Stars, K Stars, Line Spectra, Metallicity, Photosphere, Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Spectra, Abundance, K Lines, Spectral Line Width, Stellar Models, Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Scientific paper

A local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) model atmosphere analysis of weak Zr I and Ti I lines in 33 field G and K giants suggests that, on the average, Zr is 0.4 dex less abundant relative to Ti than it is in the sun. The fact that Zr and Ti abundances based on Zr II and Ti II lines do not show any relative overabundance of Zr shows that this Zr underabundance is not real; rather it is strong evidence that some lines of neutral metal atoms are subject to significant departures from LTE. The departures from LTE are more pronounced for the Zr I lines than for the Ti I lines. The nearly identical ionization potentials of Zr and Ti and the similarity of the excitation potentials of the Zr and Ti lines rule out alternative explanations of the spurious Zr underabundance, such as poor choice of the stellar temperatures and gravities or errors in the model atmospheres.

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