Periodic orbits and chaos around two black holes

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Black Holes (Astronomy), Chaos, Particle Trajectories, Photons, Relativistic Effects, Equations Of Motion, Geodesic Lines, Gravitational Effects, Particle Motion, Spin-Orbit Interactions

Scientific paper

The orbits of photons and particles near two fixed extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black holes (M1 and M2) are investigated theoretically. The derivation of the governing equations is reviewed, and particular attention is given to null and timelike geodesics, the Newtonian limit, post-Newtonian orbits, zero-velocity curves, and the nonexistence of Newtonian satellite orbits around M1 or M2. The classes of orbits found for photons include three types of nonperiodic orbits (falling into M1, falling into M2, and escaping to infinity) and three types of unstable periodic orbits (around M1, around M2, and around both). For particles, the nonperiodic orbits are similar to those for photons, but in the elliptical case there are (1) orbits trapped near stable periodic orbits and (2) stochastic orbits which do not fall into the holes, but no escape orbits. Period doublings lead to instability of the stable periodic orbits and eventually to chaos.

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