The interplanetary acceleration of energetic nucleons

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Cosmic Rays, Electron Flux Density, Interplanetary Medium, Particle Acceleration, Proton Flux Density, Solar Wind, Galactic Radiation, Solar Cosmic Rays, Solar Electrons, Solar Protons

Scientific paper

Corotating proton and electron streams are the dominant type of low-energy (i.e., 0.1-10 MeV per nucleon) particle event observed at 1 AU. The radial dependence of these events has been studied between 1 and 4 AU using essentially identical low-energy detector systems on IMP-7, Pioneer-10, and Pioneer-11. It had been expected that at a given energy, the intensity of these streams would decrease rapidly with heliocentric distance due to the effects of interplanetary adiabatic deceleration. Instead, it is observed that from event to event, the intensity either remains roughly constant or increases significantly (more than an order of magnitude) between 1 and 4 AU. It appears that interplanetary acceleration processes are the most plausible explanation. Several possible acceleration models are discussed.

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