The PIAA Coronagraph: an Efficient Coronagraph for Direct Imaging of Extrasolar Planets from Space

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The Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization Coronagraph (PIAAC) uses a lossless beam apodization, performed by aspheric mirrors, to produce a high contrast PSF. This concept offers a unique combination of high theoretical throughput (almost 100%), high angular resolution (lambda/d), small inner working angle (1.5 lambda/d), low chromaticity and low sensitivity to pointing errors or angular star diameter. Together, these characteristics make the PIAAC an ideal choice for direct imaging of extrasolar terrestrial planets (ETPs) from space. We show that a visible telescope smaller than 4m would then achieve the goals of the TPF mission, while other coronagraphs considered for TPF require telescope diameters typically 2 to 3 times larger. On a large size (8m) space telescope, ETPs can be searched for around a significantly larger sample of stars, thus enabling a much higher scientific return.
This work was supported by JPL, NAOJ and the Subaru Telescope.

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