Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jun 1991
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991phdt........15s&link_type=abstract
Ph.D. Thesis Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences.
Mathematics
Logic
Convective Flow, Earth Crust, Earth Mantle, Geodynamics, S Waves, Temperature Gradients, Wave Propagation, Bathymeters, Earth Planetary Structure, Geoids, Heterogeneity, Inversions, Ocean Bottom, Seismology, Time
Scientific paper
Resolution of both the extent and mechanism of lateral heterogeneity in the upper mantle constraints the nature and scales of mantle convection. Oceanic regions are of particular interest as they are likely to provide the closest glimpse at the patterns of temperature anomalies and convective flow in the upper mantle because of their young age and simple crustal structure relative to continental regions. Lateral variations were determined in the seismic velocity and attenuation structure of the lithosphere and astenosphere beneath the oceans, and these seismological observations were combined with the data and theory of geoid and bathymetry anomalies in order to test and improve current models for seafloor spreading and mantle convection. Variations were determined in mantle properties on a scale of about 1000 km, comparable to the thickness of the upper mantle. Seismic velocity, geoid, and bathymetry anomalies are all sensitive to variations in upper mantle density, and inversions were formulated to combine quantitatively these different data and to search for a common origin. Variations in mantle density can be either of thermal or compositional origin and are related to mantle convection or differentiation.
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