β Cephei, SPB and Be Star Variables

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Cepheids, Giant And Subgiant Stars, Rr Lyrae Stars, Rv Tauri And Pv Telescopii Variables

Scientific paper

The current observational status of β Cep, SPB and Be stars is presented and confronted with theory. In the low-metallicity environments of the LMC and SMC recent observations of β Cep and SPB stars are posing a challenge to theory. We also do not understand why low-degree β Cep pulsations do not occur among the O stars and why SPB stars have substantially smaller rotational velocities than stars in the same spectral type and luminosity class. The well-known opacity problem and the limitations of asteroseismic investigations for these stars is discussed. An understanding of pulsation in Be stars requires models of pulsation in rapidly rotating stars. Attempts in this regard are discussed and compared. The idea that Be stars rotate at critical velocity is not supported by an analysis of photometric rotational periods. We highlight problems with the idea that Be star variations are explained entirely by pulsation with reference to recent MOST and COROT results. An oblique magnetic field seems to account for the major observational characteristics of Be stars.

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