The Extremely Low Luminosity White Dwarf ESO 439-26

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Stars: Evolution, Stars: Individual Alphanumeric: Eso 439-26, Stars: White Dwarfs

Scientific paper

We present a detailed analysis of the extremely low luminosity white dwarf ESO 439-26. The measured trigonometric parallax of pi = 0."0237 +/- 0."0030, together with the observed V magnitude of 20.52, yields an absolute visual magnitude of MV = 17.4 +/- 0.3. ESO 439-26 thus lies more than 1 mag faintward of the observed cutoff of the white-dwarf luminosity function in the Galactic disk and could therefore be the coolest and hence oldest white dwarf ever detected. However, we show from a detailed analysis of the optical energy distribution that the intrinsic low luminosity of ESO 439-26 is the result of its small radius, or large mass. Our best solution is reached with Teff = 4560 +/- 100 K, log g = 9.04 +/- 0.14, and a pure-helium atmospheric composition. Evolutionary models are used to derive a mass of M = 1.21 +/- 0.07 M&sun; and a cooling age of 6.4 +/- 0.3 Gyr, a value that is smaller than the current estimates of the age of the Galactic disk.

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