Boundary Layers and Mass Entrainment in Astrophysical Jets

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

The interaction of jets with their environment has been recognized for some time as a critical factor in determining the evolution of these objects and their energy requirements, both for jets associated with young stellar objects (YSOs) and for those in extragalactic radio sources. This interaction is mediated through the development of a boundary layer that is highly nonlinear, fully turbulent, and complex. A model is presented for the evolution of this boundary layer which incorporates the temporal development of observed large scale structures as well as mechanisms for their merging and dissipation. The resulting mass entrainment rates are calculated and compared with observational constraints and earlier approximations. For extragalactic jets the energy loss to the ambient medium can be comparable to the radio luminosity, and for jets associated with HH objects and YSOs the resulting momentum transfer can have a major effect on the associated molecular outflows.

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