COSMIC Observations of the Diurnal Variation of Longitudinal Structure in the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly

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2415 Equatorial Ionosphere, 2427 Ionosphere/Atmosphere Interactions (0335), 2437 Ionospheric Dynamics, 2487 Wave Propagation (0689, 3285, 4275, 4455, 6934)

Scientific paper

We report observations of the average diurnal variability of longitudinal structure in the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) based on electron density measurements made by the GPS Occultation Experiment (GOX) instrument aboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3) satellites during March 2007. We find that the longitudinal modulation of the EIA varies strongly throughout the day and that the modulation is hemispherically asymmetric, producing different longitudinal structure of the northern and southern EIA crests. Furthermore, in addition to the 4-cell pattern that has been previously observed and studied, we provide evidence of longitudinal modulations having from 1-cell through 6-cell patterns. The longitudinal modulation of the EIA is observed to continue varying post- dusk through dawn indicating that physical mechanisms other than tidal modulation of the E-region dynamo or tidal modulation of the pre-reversal enhancement of the zonal electric field may be important contributors to the modulation of the EIA.

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