New Science for Global Problems: The Role of Cyberinfrastructure

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Our sun and planet interact to form a complex system. In such systems prediction based on knowledge of the components alone is difficult: the history of the system is important; emergent features appear that are not necessarily observed in the individual pieces; and feedback makes simple cause and effect rare. Understanding the interconnected system is essential if we, as scientists, are going to attack major societal problems such as climate change impacts, availability of fresh water and food, the life cycle of resources, the timely response to hazards, the development of carbon-free energy, the sustainability of ecosystems and of biodiversity, and national security. Answering the science questions posed by this sun-planet system requires a new scientific infrastructure: one that engages the tools and capabilities of cyberinfrastructure with an interdisciplinary scientific inquiry process. The infrastructure must include geoinformatics - using virtual observatories and global assimilative models - as well as new mechanisms for doing the interconnected science. I will illustrate these concepts by describing one example from the international program on Climate and Weather in the Sun Earth System (CAWSES).

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