The Mars Exploration Program: Scientific Goals, Objectives, Investigations, and Priorities

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5499 General Or Miscellaneous, 6207 Comparative Planetology, 6215 Extraterrestrial Materials, 6225 Mars

Scientific paper

The Mars Exploration Payload Assessment Group (MEPAG) was formed to provide guidance to the Mars Program. Consisting of an international group of scientists and engineers, MEPAG has developed the scientific underpinnings for the program through a series of meetings and workshops involving more than 100 individuals. Building on the previous goals related to the search for life, understanding Mars' climate, and assessing potential resources, MEPAG has refined these broad goals and defined the means to meet them. Objectives for the life goal include determining if life exists today and if life existed in the past, as well as assessing the extent of prebiotic chemical evolution. Objectives for meeting the "climate" goal include characterizing present and past climate and related processes. The "resource" goal was divided into a "geology" goal, which has objectives related to determining the evolution of the surface and of the interior, and a "preparation" goal, which includes determining not only resources on Mars but experiments to demonstrate engineering and other spacecraft systems on Mars. Each objective is prioritized and described by investigations and specific measurements needed for fulfillment. To first order, all elements of the plan are prioritized and an assessment is made of the technology readiness for space flight. Although implementation of the full plan will require decades, the plan is developed independent of a specific schedule. Rather, the prioritizations indicate the sequence and the level of importance of each investigation.

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